Non Prescription ADHD Medication
Medication is the first step for many with ADHD in their treatment. Medication can increase focus and decrease the likelihood of being impulsive.
The most common medication used for ADHD is stimulants. They increase the levels of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. They are available in short-acting as well as long-acting forms.
1. Stimulants
Many people with ADHD use stimulant drugs which increase dopamine as well as norepinephrine levels within the brain. These medications improve their ability to focus and pay attention as well as manage impulses. They can also reduce the symptoms of depression or anxiety. Doctors prescribe them in various forms, from liquid chewable tablets to extended-release capsules that can last for up to 16 hours. Long-lasting drugs can help to prevent "ups and downs" during the day, but some people discover they require supplementation with a short-acting medicine in the evening or afternoon.
Stimulants can cause side effects such as heart palpitations, changes to vision and ringing in the ear. They can also affect appetite and increase blood pressure. They also can have long-term effects on the developing brain of teenagers and children, which is why doctors are cautious about prescribing them to young people.
Amphetamines are a kind of stimulant, can be prescribed legally as an ADHD medication and can help some people to focus better. They are in the form of amphetamines and are generally taken orally in tablet or powder form, but they can also be smoked or injected. People with ADHD are able to take them to reduce weight or to boost their energy. They are more likely to be abused. Certain people with eating disorders are also using them.
The NSDUH survey simply asks whether the person has ever been involved in non-medical usage of prescription ADHD stimulants, rather than soliciting specific brands or types of drugs. This may underestimate the number of people who have used other substances than the ones prescribed for ADHD. This does not provide information about the motivation for drug use. This is crucial.
Some people with ADHD may be able to reduce their non-medical stimulant use by coordinating their time and activities in a different manner, and making sure they have time for family and rest. Other people find relief by exploring natural alternatives to medication like oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs). These are biochemical substances found in plant extracts including green tea, pine bark and grape. Greenblatt has seen patients regain their ability to write after taking OPC supplements.
2. Ritalin
Ritalin (methylphenidate) is an stimulant for the central nervous system that is prescribed to treat attention-deficit disorder that affects adults and children alike. It works by increasing levels of certain neurotransmitters (chemicals) in the brain, helping people focus and think clearly. The medication is typically taken orally but can also be injected. In the wrong hands, this drug can cause severe physical and psychological addiction. Injection users face a number of complications, including bloodborne diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B and C due to insoluble fillers that can block small blood vessels. This medication abuse is also linked to psychotic episodes.
The majority of ADHD medications reduce symptoms like hyperactivity and impulsivity, by changing the way neurotransmitters are utilized in the body. They can also improve focus and concentration, decrease fidgeting, and other distracting behavior and improve the likelihood to follow an agenda or a task. Doctors may prescribe a variety of medications to treat ADHD. They will work with their patients to determine which dosage and frequency is appropriate for them.
Common side effects occur when stimulants are used to treat ADHD. They are typically minor, but may include headaches; stomach upset as well as a fast heartbeat, trouble sleeping; dry mouth; and changes in blood pressure. These symptoms generally disappear on their own or after a few days as the body adjusts to the medicine. Some people develop tolerance to drugs, meaning that a higher dosage is needed to achieve the same effects. This could lead to withdrawal symptoms and addiction when the dose is abruptly reduced or stopped altogether.
It is essential to inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking, especially those that treat sleep disorders and depression. These can interact with stimulants. You should also provide a list of all foods, drinks and herbal remedies you use. This information will allow your doctor to select a medication which won't interfere your current treatment.
3. Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines, manufactured by humans, cause mild to severe neurodepression in the brain (central nervous systems) and sedation. They increase the effect of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter used by neurons in the brain to communicate. GABA can slow down brain activity and benzodiazepines are useful for anxiety and seizures.
Alprazolam (Xanax), diazepam, Valium and clobazam are all drugs in this class. These are extremely addictive and could cause breathing problems that can result in coma or even death, especially if you combine them with alcohol or other depressants such as opioid painkillers. They can also cause severe withdrawal symptoms if you stop taking them too early. Due to their risk of abuse, it is advised to keep benzodiazepines inside a locked box and only take them when prescribed by your doctor.
The drugs are "off-label" which means that they're not FDA approved to treat ADHD. Research has shown that these drugs can be beneficial for some people who cannot take stimulants or do not to find relief. They don't cause or exacerbate tics associated with Tourette's syndrome, and can be administered to children as young as 6.
Be aware that benzodiazepines could increase suicidal thoughts or actions in children, teens and adults when they are receiving treatment or shortly after treatment has begun. Talk to your doctor about any concerns you have or if there is an history of suicide within your family. Tell your provider any medications you or your child is taking including vitamins and other over-the-counter supplements. Some medications can have dangerous side effects and interact with benzodiazepines. Your provider will recommend the best medication and treatment plan for you or your children. Be patient and adhere to the plan. It may take time to see results. Some patients require benzodiazepines for a long period of time. These medications are often taken as a combination with other treatments to enhance symptom relief. This is typical for adults who cannot tolerate stimulants.
4. Atomoxetine
It is a selective reuptake of norepinephrine inhibitor that works by increasing the amount of this chemical in the brain in order to control impulses and improve concentration. It is typically prescribed as a component of a treatment plan for ADHD and is used alone or in combination with other drugs. It is also effective for those suffering from co-morbid conditions such as anxiety or depression. Atomoxetine can be purchased as liquid or capsules, and should be taken daily with the aid of a glass of fluid. Children and adolescents can experience mild side effects, such as a headache or abdominal pain. If you experience more serious reaction, like suicidal thoughts or an allergic reaction seek medical attention immediately.
It may take up to two months for atomoxetine's full effect to be felt. It is usually prescribed to children who are at high risk of abuse of stimulants as well as adults with multiple comorbidities. According to a study this medication has been proven to be particularly effective for those who suffer from the inattentive form of ADHD.
However, best adhd medication is not beneficial for all patients with adolescent onset ADHD or those suffering from an anxiety disorder or tics that are comorbid. This medication is not recommended for patients with a family history of Pheochromocytoma, which is a tumor of the adrenal glands or glaucoma. Before taking atomoxetine it is essential to inform your doctor of any other health conditions you may have.
Nonstimulant medications are a good option for some people who aren't able to take stimulant drugs due to glaucoma, a heart condition or a Pheochromocytoma. According to the Child Mind Institute, these drugs alter the chemical balance in specific parts of the brain. These medications are approved for teenagers and children as young as 6. Some of these are clonidine ER (Kapvay) and guanfacine ER (Intuniv).
These medications can cause side effects, including an increase in blood pressure and sinus tachycardia (irregular, fast heartbeat), or they can interfere with other medications your child is taking. They may also interact with some medications for depression and anxiety.